shorten

English

/ˈʃɔːtən/, /ˈʃɔɹtən/

verb
Definitions
  • (transitive) To make shorter; to abbreviate.
  • (intransitive) To become shorter.
  • (transitive) To make deficient (as to); to deprive (of).
  • (transitive) To make short or friable, as pastry, with butter, lard, etc.
  • (transitive) To reduce or diminish in amount, quantity, or extent; to lessen.
  • (nautical) To take in the slack of (a rope).
  • (nautical) To reduce (sail) by taking it in.

Etymology

Inherited from Middle English shortnen affix from English short (brittle, of pastry) inherited from Middle English schorten (shorten, make short) inherited from Old English sċortian (become short) inherited from Proto-Germanic *skurtōną (shorten).

Origin

Proto-Germanic

*skurtōną

Gloss

shorten

Timeline

Distribution of cognates by language

Geogrpahic distribution of cognates

Cognates and derived terms