shorten
English
/ˈʃɔːtən/, /ˈʃɔɹtən/
verb
Definitions
- (transitive) To make shorter; to abbreviate.
- (intransitive) To become shorter.
- (transitive) To make deficient (as to); to deprive (of).
- (transitive) To make short or friable, as pastry, with butter, lard, etc.
- (transitive) To reduce or diminish in amount, quantity, or extent; to lessen.
- (nautical) To take in the slack of (a rope).
- (nautical) To reduce (sail) by taking it in.
Etymology
Inherited from Middle English shortnen affix from English short (brittle, of pastry) inherited from Middle English schorten (shorten, make short) inherited from Old English sċortian (become short) inherited from Proto-Germanic *skurtōną (shorten).
Origin
Proto-Germanic
*skurtōną
Gloss
shorten
Timeline
Distribution of cognates by language
Geogrpahic distribution of cognates
Cognates and derived terms
- Shorty English
- antishort English
- foreshorten English
- foreshortener English
- megashort English
- overshorten English
- overshortening English
- short English
- short fetched English
- short-fetched English
- short-legged English
- short-lived English
- short-tailed hawk English
- shortage English
- shortarse English
- shortboard English
- shortbow English
- shortbread English
- shortcake English
- shortchange English
- shortclothes English
- shortcode English
- shortcrust English
- shortcut English
- shortenable English
- shortener English
- shortenest English
- shorteneth English
- shortfall English
- shortfalling English
- shortfetched English
- shortfic English
- shortfin English
- shortform English
- shortgown English
- shortgrass English
- shorth English
- shorthair English
- shorthaired English
- shorthand English
- shorthanded English
- shorthead English
- shorthold English
- shorthorn English
- shortie English
- shortify English
- shortish English
- shortleaf English
- shortline English
- shortly English
- shortness English
- shortnose English
- shortsea English
- shortsheet English
- shortsome English
- shortstop English
- shortsword English
- shorttail English
- shortwall English
- shortward English
- shortwards English
- shortwave English
- shortwing English
- shorty English
- supershort English
- ultrashort English
- unshorten English
- unshortenable English
- shortata Finnish
- short Italian
- short French
- *skurtōną Proto-Germanic
- ショート Japanese
- scortian Old English
- sċortian Old English
- schort Middle English
- schorten Middle English
- shortnen Middle English
- short Chinese
- 秀逗 Chinese
- sotpela Tok Pisin
- short
- shorth
- shorty
- Shorty
- shortly
- shortie
- shortage
- shortfin
- shortcut
- shortsea
- shortfic
- shortish
- shortbow
- shortify
- shortfall
- shorthold
- shortarse
- shortsome
- shortward
- shortcode
- shortstop
- shortform
- shorttail
- shortgown
- shorthorn
- shortwing
- shorthand
- shortline
- shortwall
- shortness
- antishort
- shortnose
- megashort
- shortcake
- shorthair
- shortwave
- unshorten
- shortener
- shorthead
- shortleaf
- shortboard
- shortcrust
- shortgrass
- shortsword
- shortbread
- shortsheet
- shortenest
- shortwards
- supershort
- shorteneth
- ultrashort
- foreshorten
- short-lived
- shortenable
- shortchange
- overshorten
- shorthaired
- shorthanded
- shortfetched
- shortfalling
- shortclothes
- short-legged
- foreshortener
- unshortenable
- short fetched
- short-fetched
- overshortening
- short-tailed hawk