shell
English
/ʃɛl/
noun
Definitions
- A hard external covering of an animal.
- The hard calcareous covering of a bird egg.
- One of the outer layers of skin of an onion.
- (botany) The hard external covering of various plant seed forms.
- (geology) The accreted mineral formed around a hollow geode.
- (weaponry) The casing of a self-contained single-unit artillery projectile.
- (weaponry) A hollow, usually spherical or cylindrical projectile fired from a siege mortar or a smoothbore cannon. It contains an explosive substance designed to be ignited by a fuse or by percussion at the target site so that it will burst and scattered at high velocity its contents and fragments. Formerly called a bomb.
- (weaponry) The cartridge of a breechloading firearm; a load; a bullet; a round.
- (architecture) Any slight hollow structure; a framework, or exterior structure, regarded as not complete or filled in, as the shell of a house.
- A garment, usually worn by women, such as a shirt, blouse, or top, with short sleeves or no sleeves, that often fastens in the rear.
- A coarse or flimsy coffin; a thin interior coffin enclosed within a more substantial one.
- (music) A string instrument, as a lyre, whose acoustical chamber is formed like a shell.
- (music) The body of a drum; the often wooden, often cylindrical acoustic chamber, with or without rims added for tuning and for attaching the drum head.
- An engraved copper roller used in print works.
- The thin coating of copper on an electrotype.
- (nautical) The watertight outer covering of the hull of a vessel, often made with planking or metal plating.
- (nautical) The outer frame or case of a block within which the sheaves revolve.
- (nautical) A light boat whose frame is covered with thin wood, impermeable fabric, or water-proofed paper; a racing shell or dragon boat.
- (chemistry) A set of atomic orbitals that have the same principal quantum number.
- (figuratively) The outward form independent of what is inside.
- (figuratively) The empty outward form of someone or something.
- An emaciated person.
- A psychological barrier to social interaction.
- (computing) An operating system software user interface, whose primary purpose is to launch other programs and control their interactions; the user's command interpreter. Shell is a way to separate the internal complexity of the implementation of the command from the user. The internals can change while the user experience/interface remains the same.
- (business) A legal entity that has no operations.
- A concave rough cast-iron tool in which a convex lens is ground to shape.
- (engineering) A gouge bit or shell bit.
- (phonology) The onset and coda of a syllable.
- (UK) A person's ear.
Etymology
Inherited from Middle English schelle inherited from Old English sċiell inherited from Proto-Germanic *skaljō (shell, husk, scale, peel, rind) derived from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kelH- (split, cut, divide, part, separate, cleave, sunder, chop).
Origin
Proto-Indo-European
*(s)kelH-
Gloss
split, cut, divide, part, separate, cleave, sunder, chop
Concept
Semantic Field
Basic actions and technology
Ontological Category
Action/Process
Kanji
分
Emoji
🪓
Timeline
Distribution of cognates by language
Geogrpahic distribution of cognates
Cognates and derived terms
- Musselshell English
- aeroshell English
- back English
- backshell English
- bag English
- band English
- bandshell English
- bark English
- body English
- bodyshell English
- bomb English
- bombshell English
- clam English
- clamshell English
- cockle English
- cockleshell English
- code English
- cornsheller English
- deshell English
- egg English
- eggshell English
- eggshellful English
- enshell English
- fire English
- fish English
- fisherman English
- flower English
- hard English
- hardshell English
- head English
- headshell English
- heap English
- in silico English
- inshell English
- intershell English
- kidney English
- kidneyshell English
- lac English
- microshell English
- multishell English
- mussel English
- nanoshell English
- nonshell English
- nut English
- nutshell English
- outshrill English
- pad English
- paper English
- papershell English
- scaglia English
- sea English
- seashell English
- shell suit English
- shell-less English
- shell-like English
- shell-paddock English
- shellable English
- shellac English
- shellacked English
- shellacker English
- shellback English
- shellbag English
- shellbark English
- shellcode English
- sheller English
- shellfire English
- shellfish English
- shellfisher English
- shellfisherman English
- shellflower English
- shellheap English
- shelliness English
- shellless English
- shellpad English
- shellproof English
- shellsuited English
- shelltoe English
- shelltoed English
- shelltoes English
- shellwork English
- shelly English
- shot English
- shotshell English
- shrill English
- shrillish English
- shrillness English
- shrilly English
- silex English
- silicium English
- silicon English
- slit English
- slitshell English
- snail English
- snailshell English
- soft English
- softshell English
- subshell English
- suit English
- supershell English
- toe English
- toed English
- toes English
- top English
- topshell English
- tortoise English
- tortoiseshell English
- undershell English
- unshell English
- unshellable English
- unshrill English
- work English
- Silicius Latin
- cultellus Latin
- scalpellum Latin
- scalpō, scalpere Latin
- silex Latin
- siliceus Latin
- silicium Latin
- Abdampfschale German
- Apfelsinenschale German
- Bananenschale German
- Eierschale German
- Elektronenschale German
- Haftschale German
- Hirnschale German
- Kartoffelschale German
- Nussschale German
- Obstschale German
- Schale German
- Schalenmodell German
- Schalentier German
- Waagschale German
- Zuckerschale German
- schalenförmig German
- verschalen German
- scaglia Italian
- scagliare Italian
- scaglioso Italian
- appelschil Dutch, Flemish
- bananenschil Dutch, Flemish
- grootschalig Dutch, Flemish
- loonschaal Dutch, Flemish
- peulenschil Dutch, Flemish
- peulschil Dutch, Flemish
- schaal Dutch, Flemish
- schaaldier Dutch, Flemish
- schil Dutch, Flemish
- tienpuntenschaal Dutch, Flemish
- tijdschaal Dutch, Flemish
- weegschaal Dutch, Flemish
- silex French
- σκάλλω Ancient Greek
- σκάλμη Ancient Greek
- *(s)kel(H)p- Proto-Indo-European
- *(s)kelH- Proto-Indo-European
- *kelHtro- Proto-Indo-European
- *skewH- Proto-Indo-European
- skjell Norwegian Bokmål
- *skaljō Proto-Germanic
- *skalkaz Proto-Germanic
- *skalō Proto-Germanic
- *skelbaną Proto-Germanic
- *skelduz Proto-Germanic
- *skeulą Proto-Germanic
- *skiljaną Proto-Germanic
- *skilją Proto-Germanic
- *skulō Proto-Germanic
- *slībaną Proto-Germanic
- シェル Japanese
- szala Polish
- sciell Old English
- sċiell Old English
- eggeshell Middle English
- schelle Middle English
- schellefyssch Middle English
- schrille Middle English
- krákuskel Old Norse
- skalli Old Norse
- skel Old Norse
- skelfiskr Old Norse
- skæl Danish
- ŝelo Esperanto
- skel Icelandic
- en Thai
- shell Thai
- th Thai
- หอย Thai
- หอยเชลล์ Thai
- selak Cebuano
- scale Middle Dutch
- schelle Middle Dutch
- scolla Old High German
- zolla Old High German
- skel Faroese
- schale Middle High German
- zolle Middle High German
- Eeërschuel Luxembourgish, Letzeburgesch
- Schuel Luxembourgish, Letzeburgesch
- 𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌾𐌰 Gothic
- *halftrijā gmw-pro
- *skallju gmw-pro
- *skoltā Proto-Celtic
- Tscholle Alemannic German
- skelj Westrobothnian
- scae Friulian
- *skala Frankish
- *skallju, *skallija Frankish
- toe
- sea
- nut
- top
- bag
- pad
- egg
- lac
- shot
- code
- suit
- head
- body
- back
- fish
- clam
- bomb
- fire
- band
- work
- hard
- soft
- slit
- toes
- bark
- toed
- heap
- silex
- snail
- paper
- kidney
- cockle
- shrill
- flower
- shelly
- mussel
- shrilly
- sheller
- deshell
- inshell
- scaglia
- enshell
- shellac
- silicon
- unshell
- topshell
- silicium
- shellbag
- shelltoe
- nonshell
- eggshell
- seashell
- unshrill
- subshell
- shellpad
- nutshell
- tortoise
- shellbark
- shellable
- slitshell
- nanoshell
- hardshell
- aeroshell
- in silico
- shellback
- shellfish
- shellless
- shellcode
- shellfire
- bandshell
- shotshell
- shellheap
- shellwork
- bodyshell
- shelltoed
- bombshell
- headshell
- shelltoes
- backshell
- softshell
- shrillish
- outshrill
- fisherman
- clamshell
- undershell
- shell-less
- intershell
- shell-like
- shellproof
- snailshell
- microshell
- papershell
- shell suit
- shellacked
- multishell
- shelliness
- shrillness
- supershell
- shellacker
- cornsheller
- Musselshell
- cockleshell
- eggshellful
- kidneyshell
- shellsuited
- shellfisher
- shellflower
- unshellable
- tortoiseshell
- shell-paddock
- shellfisherman