shell

English

/ʃɛl/

noun
Definitions
  • A hard external covering of an animal.
  • The hard calcareous covering of a bird egg.
  • One of the outer layers of skin of an onion.
  • (botany) The hard external covering of various plant seed forms.
  • (geology) The accreted mineral formed around a hollow geode.
  • (weaponry) The casing of a self-contained single-unit artillery projectile.
  • (weaponry) A hollow, usually spherical or cylindrical projectile fired from a siege mortar or a smoothbore cannon. It contains an explosive substance designed to be ignited by a fuse or by percussion at the target site so that it will burst and scattered at high velocity its contents and fragments. Formerly called a bomb.
  • (weaponry) The cartridge of a breechloading firearm; a load; a bullet; a round.
  • (architecture) Any slight hollow structure; a framework, or exterior structure, regarded as not complete or filled in, as the shell of a house.
  • A garment, usually worn by women, such as a shirt, blouse, or top, with short sleeves or no sleeves, that often fastens in the rear.
  • A coarse or flimsy coffin; a thin interior coffin enclosed within a more substantial one.
  • (music) A string instrument, as a lyre, whose acoustical chamber is formed like a shell.
  • (music) The body of a drum; the often wooden, often cylindrical acoustic chamber, with or without rims added for tuning and for attaching the drum head.
  • An engraved copper roller used in print works.
  • The thin coating of copper on an electrotype.
  • (nautical) The watertight outer covering of the hull of a vessel, often made with planking or metal plating.
  • (nautical) The outer frame or case of a block within which the sheaves revolve.
  • (nautical) A light boat whose frame is covered with thin wood, impermeable fabric, or water-proofed paper; a racing shell or dragon boat.
  • (chemistry) A set of atomic orbitals that have the same principal quantum number.
  • (figuratively) The outward form independent of what is inside.
  • (figuratively) The empty outward form of someone or something.
  • An emaciated person.
  • A psychological barrier to social interaction.
  • (computing) An operating system software user interface, whose primary purpose is to launch other programs and control their interactions; the user's command interpreter. Shell is a way to separate the internal complexity of the implementation of the command from the user. The internals can change while the user experience/interface remains the same.
  • (business) A legal entity that has no operations.
  • A concave rough cast-iron tool in which a convex lens is ground to shape.
  • (engineering) A gouge bit or shell bit.
  • (phonology) The onset and coda of a syllable.
  • (UK) A person's ear.

Etymology

Inherited from Middle English schelle inherited from Old English sċiell inherited from Proto-Germanic *skaljō (shell, husk, scale, peel, rind) derived from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kelH- (split, cut, divide, part, separate, cleave, sunder, chop).

Origin

Proto-Indo-European

*(s)kelH-

Gloss

split, cut, divide, part, separate, cleave, sunder, chop

Concept
Semantic Field

Basic actions and technology

Ontological Category

Action/Process

Kanji

Emoji
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Timeline

Distribution of cognates by language

Geogrpahic distribution of cognates

Cognates and derived terms