phoneme
English
/ˈfoʊnim/, /ˈfəʊniːm/
noun
Definitions
- An indivisible unit of sound in a given language. A phoneme is an abstraction of the physical speech sounds (phones) and may encompass several different phones.
Etymology
Derived from Ancient Greek φώνημα (sound, language, utterance, sound made, thing spoken, speech) root from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂- (speak, shine, say, glow).
Origin
Proto-Indo-European
*bʰeh₂-
Gloss
speak, shine, say, glow
Concept
Semantic Field
Speech and language
Ontological Category
Action/Process
Kanji
話
Emoji
🗣️ 🗣️ 🙊
Timeline
Distribution of cognates by language
Geogrpahic distribution of cognates
Cognates and derived terms
- -eme English
- archiphoneme English
- archiphonemic English
- diaphoneme English
- diaphonemic English
- morphophoneme English
- morphophonemic English
- morphophonemics English
- multiphonemic English
- nonphonemic English
- phone English
- phonemehood English
- phonemic English
- phonemical English
- phonemically English
- phonemicist English
- phonemicity English
- phonemicize English
- phonemics English
- phonetics English
- phonology English
- prephonemic English
- subphoneme English
- subphonemic English
- triphonemic English
- unphonemic English
- confessus Latin
- confābulātiōnem Latin
- cōnfābulārī Latin
- fabulosus Latin
- facundus Latin
- fata Latin
- fatum Latin
- focus Latin
- fābula Latin
- fābulōsus Latin
- fātum Latin
- fētiālēs Latin
- infans Latin
- professio Latin
- professiō Latin
- professor Latin
- professus Latin
- profiteor Latin
- profitērī Latin
- īnfāntem, īnfāns Latin
- fonema Italian
- fonologia Italian
- fonosemantica Italian
- fonosimbolo Italian
- fotogenia Italian
- fotogenicità Italian
- xilofonista Italian
- xilofono Italian
- dysphémisme French
- phonème French
- photogénique French
- фоне́ма Russian
- fonema Spanish, Castilian
- habladuría Spanish, Castilian
- xilofonista Spanish, Castilian
- xilófono Spanish, Castilian
- -φωνος Ancient Greek
- -φωνος, φωνή Ancient Greek
- βλασφημέω Ancient Greek
- βλασφημία Ancient Greek
- διαφαίνω Ancient Greek
- εὐφημισμός Ancient Greek
- λέξις Ancient Greek
- παμφανόων Ancient Greek
- προφήτης Ancient Greek
- συκοφάντης Ancient Greek
- φάσις Ancient Greek
- φαινόμενον Ancient Greek
- φανή Ancient Greek
- φωνέω Ancient Greek
- φωνή Ancient Greek
- φωνήεις Ancient Greek
- φωνητῐκός Ancient Greek
- φώνημα Ancient Greek
- φᾰντᾰστῐκός Ancient Greek
- φᾰντᾰσῐ́ᾱ Ancient Greek
- χρόνος Ancient Greek
- ἀφασία Ancient Greek
- ἐμφατικός Ancient Greek
- ἐπιφάνεια Ancient Greek
- ἔμφασις Ancient Greek
- ἱεροφάντης Ancient Greek
- *bʰeh₂ Proto-Indo-European
- *bʰeh₂, *bʰeh₂- Proto-Indo-European
- *bʰeh₂- Proto-Indo-European
- *bʰeh₂-, *bʰ-né-h₂-ti Proto-Indo-European
- *bʰeh₂-meh₂ Proto-Indo-European
- *bʰeh₂os Proto-Indo-European
- *bʰh₂-new-ti, bʰh₂-n̥w-énti Proto-Indo-European
- *bʰh₂nyéti Proto-Indo-European
- *bʰh₂wesnós Proto-Indo-European
- *bʰn̥h₂-é-ti Proto-Indo-European
- *bʰoh₂-néh₂ Proto-Indo-European
- *bʰéh₂meh₂ Proto-Indo-European
- *bʰéh₂os Proto-Indo-European
- *bʰéh₂ti Proto-Indo-European
- *dʰeh₁- Proto-Indo-European
- bʰeh₂, *bʰeh₂- Proto-Indo-European
- bʰh₂-sḱéti, *bʰeh₂- Proto-Indo-European
- fadista Portuguese
- fado Portuguese
- fonema Portuguese
- *bannaną Proto-Germanic
- *bannijaną Proto-Germanic
- *bōniz Proto-Germanic
- *bōnō Proto-Germanic
- भनति Sanskrit
- भान Sanskrit
- भाषति Sanskrit
- भाषते Sanskrit
- भाषा Sanskrit
- fabhalscéal Irish
- fabhalscéalaí Irish
- fabhalscéalaíocht Irish
- banna Old Norse
- bón Old Norse
- *bajьka Proto-Slavic
- fonema Catalan, Valencian
- bæn Icelandic
- bón Icelandic
- fonema Galician
- ponema Cebuano
- bahasa Indonesia Indonesian
- ban Middle Dutch
- բառ Old Armenian
- bahasa Malay
- bahasa Malaysia Malay
- bëzej Albanian
- *bōnōn gmw-pro
- *bānos Proto-Celtic
- bōnen Middle Low German
- *bʰaH- Proto-Indo-Iranian
- *bʰáHšaH Proto-Indo-Iranian
- fonimu Swahili
- *fatēōr Proto-Italic
- *fāðlā Proto-Italic
- *fāōr Proto-Italic
- enfanter xno
- *mləspʰāmos Proto-Hellenic
- *pʰáňňō Proto-Hellenic
- бон Ossetian, Ossetic
- -eme
- phone
- phonemic
- phonetics
- phonemics
- phonology
- phonemical
- subphoneme
- diaphoneme
- unphonemic
- subphonemic
- phonemehood
- prephonemic
- phonemicity
- diaphonemic
- triphonemic
- phonemicist
- phonemicize
- nonphonemic
- archiphoneme
- phonemically
- morphophoneme
- multiphonemic
- archiphonemic
- morphophonemic
- morphophonemics